Eastern Eurasia, occupied by anatomically modern humans (AMH) at least 50,000 years ago, was a corridor through which AMH expanded to Oceania and America. Our research project challenges the potential issues for understanding population history of Asia-Pacific region, through mapping population genetic landscape based on the skeletal and dental morphological data. Our recent works have demonstrated demographic transition and demic migration throughout prehistoric to modern times in various regions, with clearly supporting “Two layer” model, which hypothesizes that the AMH initially occupied Southeast Asia (the first layer, akin to Australo-Melanesians) were later exchanged genetic material by demic expansion (the second layer) from Northeast Asia, leading to the formation of present day East Asians.